就目前而言，廚房排煙管道的材質以不銹鋼板和鍍鋅鋼板較為常見。其中鍍鋅鋼板是通過在鋼板表面涂上一層金屬鋅，來達到防銹的目的的。由于金屬鋅比鐵的化學性質更活潑，因此鋅往往會先于鐵發(fā)生氧化，從而保護了鐵層不被損壞。而不銹鋼是用鉻對鋼進行合金化處理，在其表面形成的一層極薄而又堅固細密的穩(wěn)定的富鉻氧化膜。這種緊密粘附的富鉻氧化物保護表面，可以有效防止氧原子繼續(xù)滲入、氧化，從而獲得抗銹蝕能力。應該說，兩者都具有不錯的防銹能力。
At present, stainless steel plate and galvanized steel plate are common materials for kitchen smoke exhaust pipes. Galvanized steel plate is achieved by coating a layer of metal zinc on the surface of the steel plate to prevent rust. Due to the more active chemical properties of metallic zinc compared to iron, zinc often oxidizes before iron, thus protecting the iron layer from damage. Stainless steel, on the other hand, is an alloy treated steel with chromium, forming an extremely thin, sturdy, and dense stable chromium rich oxide film on its surface. This tightly adhered chromium rich oxide protects the surface, effectively preventing oxygen atoms from continuing to penetrate and oxidize, thereby obtaining rust resistance. It should be said that both have good rust resistance.
然而相比之下，大家選用不銹鋼板的材料，那么這是為什么呢？這就要從油煙的組成說起了。油煙的組成非常復雜，而且與燃料的類型、食用油的種類、食材成分、烹飪時間、烹飪溫度、烹飪方式等多個因素有關。
However, in contrast, Qingfeng Xia recommends choosing stainless steel plate materials, so why is this? This starts with the composition of oil fumes. The composition of lampblack is very complex and is related to multiple factors such as the type of fuel, the type of edible oil, ingredients, cooking time, cooking temperature, and cooking method.
據了解，不同種類的食用油在高溫下的熱解產物多達 200 多種，其中主要有碳氫化合物、醛類、酮類、醇類、烴類、脂肪酸、芳香族化合物以及雜環(huán)化合物等。這里面的部分產物會與水相結合形成亞硝酸、硝酸、碳酸等具備腐蝕性的物質，它們在經過排煙管道的時候勢必會對管道造成侵蝕。因此排煙管道的材質除了防銹以外，還應該具備一定的耐弱酸能力。
It is understood that there are over 200 pyrolysis products of different types of edible oils at high temperatures, mainly including hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, hydrocarbons, fatty acids, aromatic compounds, and heterocyclic compounds. Some of the products inside will combine with water to form corrosive substances such as nitrite, nitric acid, and carbonic acid, which are bound to cause corrosion to the smoke exhaust pipeline when passing through it. Therefore, in addition to rust prevention, the material of smoke exhaust pipes should also have a certain degree of weak acid resistance.
而不銹鋼在這方面要比鍍鋅鋼板要強上一些。我們以304通用型號不銹鋼，即18/8不銹鋼為例，其標準成分是18%的鉻加8%的鎳。據悉，這類型號鋼在空氣中的年腐蝕率一般小于0.01mm，即便是在廚房油煙量大的環(huán)境下，其年腐蝕率往往也小于0.02mm，其耐腐蝕能力可見一斑。另外，不銹鋼板還具備比較良好的保溫、耐熱性能。
And stainless steel is stronger in this regard than galvanized steel plate. We take the 304 universal model stainless steel, which is 18/8 stainless steel, as an example. Its standard composition is 18% chromium and 8% nickel. It is reported that the annual corrosion rate of this type of steel in the air is generally less than 0.01mm. Even in environments with high kitchen fumes, its annual corrosion rate is often less than 0.02mm, indicating its corrosion resistance. In addition, stainless steel plates also have good insulation and heat resistance properties.
現在，知道廚房排煙管道應該選用什么樣的材質了吧？總的來說，不論是鍍鋅鋼板還是不銹鋼板都能夠勝任此工作，不過兩者在和性能特點上還是有一定差別的，若是想要成本低，可以選擇鍍鋅鋼板的，若是想要材質好則更選購不銹鋼板的。
Now, do you know what material should be used for the kitchen exhaust duct? Overall, both galvanized steel plate and stainless steel plate are capable of this job, but there are still some differences in price and performance characteristics between the two. If you want low cost, you can choose galvanized steel plate. If you want good material, you are more recommended to choose stainless steel plate.
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